Como hacer un ascensor de 4 pisos

Las veces que me subía a un ascensor siempre me preguntaba, como funcionara? Que componentes tendrá? Será dificil?. Como electrónicos estamos en la obligación de entender la lógica y realizar un ascensor de 4 pisos desde cero. Y sí efectivamente en  este video aprenderemos a como realizar un ascensor desde el esquemático electrónico, la creación de la tarjeta PCB que será programado desde el IDE de arduino, las estructuras y el funcionamiento del mecanismo, finalmente este proyecto se implementará en la vida real.

1. Tensión de alimentación……………………….…………24VDC
2. Corriente de alimentación………………….……………20mA
3. Entadas digitales 12-24VDC……………………….……12
4. Salidas RLY…………………………………………………………4
   • • Tensión AC…………..……….………………….….……250V
     • Corriente AC…………………………………………….5A
     • Tensión DC………………………………………………30V
     • Corriente DC……………………………………………5A
5. Entorno de programación………………………..………..Arduino IDE
6. Condiciones ambientales min……………………….….-40°
7. Condiciones ambientales max…………………..……….150°
8. Dimensiones……………………………………………………….85x65mm
9.  Empotrable………………………………….……………………Sí
10. Programación directa (PC-Tarjeta electrónica)…………Sí

PASO 2 : SUBIR PROGRAMA; PC – TARJETA PCB

Después de haber subido el gestor de arranque finalmente ya podremos subir cualquier programa como normalmente lo realizamos a través del puerto serie.

CODE PARA 3 PISOS

//physical  inputs
const int s1a = 3;
const int s2a = 4;
const int s3a = 13;
const int s4a = 9;
const int s5a = 8;
const int s6a = 7;
const int b1a = 12;
const int b2a = 11;
const int b3a = 10;
const int b4a = 6;
const int b5a = 5;
const int b6a = 2;

// physical outputs
const int m_up = 19;      //motor up
const int m_down = 18;    // motor down
const int booking = 17;   // reserva
const int booking1 = 16;  // reserva

// Memories
//ETAPA
boolean e0 = false;
boolean e1 = false;
boolean e2 = false;
boolean e3 = false;
boolean e4 = false;
boolean e5 = false;
boolean e6 = false;

//TRANSITION
boolean t01 = false;
boolean t02 = false;
boolean t03 = false;
boolean t04 = false;
boolean t05 = false;
boolean t06 = false;
boolean t10 = false;
boolean t20 = false;
boolean t30 = false;
boolean t40 = false;
boolean t50 = false;
boolean t60 = false;

void setup() {
  //sensores de piso
  pinMode(s1a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s2a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s3a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s4a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s5a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s6a, INPUT);
  //pusadores de llamada
  pinMode(b1a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b2a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b3a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b4a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b5a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b6a, INPUT);

  //salidas motor
  pinMode(m_up, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(m_down, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(booking, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(booking1, OUTPUT);
  //ouputs low!
  digitalWrite(m_up, 0);
  digitalWrite(m_down, 0);
  digitalWrite(booking, 0);
  digitalWrite(booking1, 0);
  delay(2000);

}

void loop() {
  //Inputs
  int s1 = digitalRead(s1a);
  int s2 = digitalRead(s2a);
  int s3 = digitalRead(s3a);
  int s4 = digitalRead(s4a);
  int s5 = digitalRead(s5a);
  int s6 = digitalRead(s6a);
  int b1 = digitalRead(b1a);
  int b2 = digitalRead(b2a);
  int b3 = digitalRead(b3a);
  int b4 = digitalRead(b4a);
  int b5 = digitalRead(b5a);
  int b6 = digitalRead(b6a);

  //INICIALIZACION***************************
  if ((!e1 && !e2 && !e3 && !e4 && !e5 && !e6) == true) {
    e0 = true;
  }
  //TRANSITION*********************************
  //from 1 to 2 floor
  if (e0 && s1 && b2 == true) {
    t01 = true;
    t10 = false;
  }
  if (e1 && s2 == true) {
    t10 = true;
    t01 = false;
  }
  //from 1 to 3 floor
  if (e0 && s1 && b3 == true) {
    t02 = true;
    t20 = false;
  }
  if (e2 && s3 == true) {
    t20 = true;
    t02 = false;
  }
  //from 2 to 3 floor
  if (e0 && s2 && b3 == true) {
    t03 = true;
    t30 = false;
  }
  if (e3 && s3 == true) {
    t30 = true;
    t03 = false;
  }
  //from 3 to 2 floor
  if (e0 && s3 && b2 == true) {
    t04 = true;
    t40 = false;
  }
  if (e4 && s2 == true) {
    t40 = true;
    t04 = false;
  }
  //from 3 to 1 floor
  if (e0 && s3 && b1 == true) {
    t05 = true;
    t50 = false;
  }
  if (e5 && s1 == true) {
    t50 = true;
    t05 = false;
  }
  //from 2 to 1 floor
  if (e0 && s2 && b1 == true) {
    t06 = true;
    t60 = false;
  }
  if (e6 && s1 == true) {
    t60 = true;
    t06 = false;
  }

  //ETAPA**************************************
  if (e0 && t01 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e1 = true;
  }
  if (e1 && t10 == true) {
    e1 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t02 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e2 = true;
  }
  if (e2 && t20 == true) {
    e2 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t03 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e3 = true;
  }
  if (e3 && t30 == true) {
    e3 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t04 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e4 = true;
  }
  if (e4 && t40 == true) {
    e4 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t05 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e5 = true;
  }
  if (e5 && t50 == true) {
    e5 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t06 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e6 = true;
  }
  if (e6 && t60 == true) {
    e6 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  //ACTUADORES*********************************
  // Motor subiendo
  if (e1 || e2 || e3 == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(m_down, LOW);
  }
  //Reposo
  if (e0 == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, LOW);
    digitalWrite(m_down, LOW);
  }
  //motor bajando
  if (e4 || e5 || e6 == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, LOW);
    digitalWrite(m_down, HIGH);
  }
}

PARA 4 PISOS

//physical  inputs
const int s1a = 3;
const int s2a = 4;
const int s3a = 13;
const int s4a = 12;
const int b1a = 11;
const int b2a = 10;
const int b3a = 9;
const int b4a = 8;
const int fi1 = 7;
const int pe1 = 6;
const int fs1 = 5;
const int rsv = 2;

// physical outputs
const int m_up = 19;      //motor up
const int m_down = 18;    // motor down
const int booking = 17;   // reserva
const int booking1 = 16;  // reserva

// Memories
//ETAPA
boolean e0 = false;
boolean e1 = false;
boolean e2 = false;
boolean e3 = false;
boolean e4 = false;
boolean e5 = false;
boolean e6 = false;
boolean e7 = false;
boolean e8 = false;
boolean e9 = false;
boolean e10 = false;
boolean e11 = false;
boolean e12 = false;

//TRANSITION
boolean t01 = false;
boolean t02 = false;
boolean t03 = false;
boolean t04 = false;
boolean t05 = false;
boolean t06 = false;
boolean t07 = false;
boolean t08 = false;
boolean t09 = false;
boolean t010 = false;
boolean t011 = false;
boolean t012 = false;
boolean t10 = false;
boolean t20 = false;
boolean t30 = false;
boolean t40 = false;
boolean t50 = false;
boolean t60 = false;
boolean t70 = false;
boolean t80 = false;
boolean t90 = false;
boolean t100 = false;
boolean t110 = false;
boolean t120 = false;

void setup() {
  //sensores de piso
  pinMode(s1a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s2a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s3a, INPUT);
  pinMode(s4a, INPUT);

  //pusadores de llamada
  pinMode(b1a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b2a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b3a, INPUT);
  pinMode(b4a, INPUT);

  pinMode(fi1, INPUT);
  pinMode(pe1, INPUT);
  pinMode(fs1, INPUT);

  pinMode(rsv, INPUT);

  //salidas motor
  pinMode(m_up, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(m_down, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(booking, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(booking1, OUTPUT);
  //ouputs low!
  digitalWrite(m_up, 0);
  digitalWrite(m_down, 0);
  digitalWrite(booking, 0);
  digitalWrite(booking1, 0);
  delay(2000);

}

void loop() {
  //Inputs
  int s1 = digitalRead(s1a);
  int s2 = digitalRead(s2a);
  int s3 = digitalRead(s3a);
  int s4 = digitalRead(s4a);
  int b1 = digitalRead(b1a);
  int b2 = digitalRead(b2a);
  int b3 = digitalRead(b3a);
  int b4 = digitalRead(b4a);
  int fi = digitalRead(fi1);
  int pe = digitalRead(pe1);
  int fs = digitalRead(fs1);
  int sv = digitalRead(rsv);

  //INICIALIZACION***************************
  if ((!e1 && !e2 && !e3 && !e4 && !e5 && !e6 && !e7 && !e8 && !e9 && !e10 && !e11 && !e12) == true) {
    e0 = true;
  }
  //TRANSITION*********************************
  //from 1 to 2 floor
  if (e0 && s1 && b2 == true) {
    t01 = true;
    t10 = false;
  }
  if (e1 && s2 == true) {
    t10 = true;
    t01 = false;
  }
  //from 1 to 3 floor
  if (e0 && s1 && b3 == true) {
    t02 = true;
    t20 = false;
  }
  if (e2 && s3 == true) {
    t20 = true;
    t02 = false;
  }
  //from 1 to 4 floor
  if (e0 && s1 && b4 == true) {
    t03 = true;
    t30 = false;
  }
  if (e3 && s4 == true) {
    t30 = true;
    t03 = false;
  }
  //from 2 to 3 floor
  if (e0 && s2 && b3 == true) {
    t04 = true;
    t40 = false;
  }
  if (e4 && s3 == true) {
    t40 = true;
    t04 = false;
  }
  //from 2 to 4 floor
  if (e0 && s2 && b4 == true) {
    t05 = true;
    t50 = false;
  }
  if (e5 && s4 == true) {
    t50 = true;
    t05 = false;
  }
  //from 3 to 4 floor
  if (e0 && s3 && b4 == true) {
    t06 = true;
    t60 = false;
  }
  if (e6 && s4 == true) {
    t60 = true;
    t06 = false;
  }
  //from 4 to 3 floor
  if (e0 && s4 && b3 == true) {
    t07 = true;
    t70 = false;
  }
  if (e7 && s3 == true) {
    t70 = true;
    t07 = false;
  }
  //from 4 to 2 floor
  if (e0 && s4 && b2 == true) {
    t08 = true;
    t80 = false;
  }
  if (e8 && s2 == true) {
    t80 = true;
    t08 = false;
  }
  //from 4 to 1 floor
  if (e0 && s4 && b1 == true) {
    t09 = true;
    t90 = false;
  }
  if (e9 && s1 == true) {
    t90 = true;
    t09 = false;
  }
  //from 3 to 2 floor
  if (e0 && s3 && b2 == true) {
    t010 = true;
    t100 = false;
  }
  if (e10 && s2 == true) {
    t100 = true;
    t010 = false;
  }
  //from 3 to 1 floor
  if (e0 && s3 && b1 == true) {
    t011 = true;
    t110 = false;
  }
  if (e11 && s1 == true) {
    t110 = true;
    t011 = false;
  }
  //from 2 to 1 floor
  if (e0 && s2 && b1 == true) {
    t012 = true;
    t120 = false;
  }
  if (e12 && s1 == true) {
    t120 = true;
    t012 = false;
  }

  //ETAPA**************************************
  if (e0 && t01 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e1 = true;
  }
  if (e1 && t10 == true) {
    e1 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t02 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e2 = true;
  }
  if (e2 && t20 == true) {
    e2 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t03 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e3 = true;
  }
  if (e3 && t30 == true) {
    e3 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t04 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e4 = true;
  }
  if (e4 && t40 == true) {
    e4 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t05 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e5 = true;
  }
  if (e5 && t50 == true) {
    e5 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t06 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e6 = true;
  }
  if (e6 && t60 == true) {
    e6 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t07 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e7 = true;
  }
  if (e7 && t70 == true) {
    e7 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t08 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e8 = true;
  }
  if (e8 && t80 == true) {
    e8 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t09 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e9 = true;
  }
  if (e9 && t90 == true) {
    e9 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t010 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e10 = true;
  }
  if (e10 && t100 == true) {
    e10 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t011 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e11 = true;
  }
  if (e11 && t110 == true) {
    e11 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  if (e0 && t012 == true) {
    e0 = false;
    e12 = true;
  }
  if (e12 && t120 == true) {
    e12 = false;
    e0 = true;
  }

  //ACTUADORES*********************************
  // Motor subiendo
  if ((e1 || e2 || e3 || e4 || e5 || e6) && (pe && fi && fs) == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(m_down, LOW);
  }
  //Reposo
  if (e0 || (!pe || !fi || !fs) == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, LOW);
    digitalWrite(m_down, LOW);
  }
  //motor bajando
  if ((e7 || e8 || e9 || e10 || e11 || e12) && (pe && fi && fs) == true) {
    digitalWrite(m_up, LOW);
    digitalWrite(m_down, HIGH);
  }
}