{"id":2042,"date":"2021-01-02T23:08:57","date_gmt":"2021-01-03T04:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electroallweb.com\/?p=2042"},"modified":"2021-01-08T07:54:24","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T12:54:24","slug":"como-hacer-una-tarjeta-pcb-controlador-para-motor-dc-24v-15a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electroallweb.com\/index.php\/2021\/01\/02\/como-hacer-una-tarjeta-pcb-controlador-para-motor-dc-24v-15a\/","title":{"rendered":"Como hacer una tarjeta PCB controlador para motor DC 24V\/15A"},"content":{"rendered":"
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INTRODUCCI\u00d3N
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Hace m\u00e1s de tres meses publiqu\u00e9 un video de un\u00a0 controlador de motor de potencia de corriente continua (versi\u00f3n anterior)<\/a>. Sin embargo, dicha versi\u00f3n ten\u00eda varios algunos inconvenientes. En primer lugar, para controlar el motor se necesitaba una tarjeta o un microcontrolador externa. En segundo lugar, solo se contaba con 2 mosfets, lo cual no era suficiente para soportar 15A. Viendo todos estos inconvenientes en este video haremos otra versi\u00f3n donde incluiremos un microcontrolador. Adem\u00e1s, colocaremos 8 mosfets de manera paralelo para que pueda soportar una mayor cantidad de corriente. Por otro lado, tambi\u00e9n tendremos un sensor de corriente. finalmente contaremos un switch, un pulsador un potenci\u00f3metro para simular el funcionamiento del motor.<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

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ESPECIFICACIONES T\u00c9CNICAS
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  1. Tensi\u00f3n de alimentaci\u00f3n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202624VDC<\/li>\n
  2. Corriente de alimentaci\u00f3n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026Depende del consumo del motor<\/li>\n
  3. Entadas digitales nivel TTL 5VDC\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u20262 (ENA, DIR)<\/li>\n
  4. Entrada anal\u00f3gica (potenci\u00f3metro)0-5V…………..1<\/li>\n
  5. Salida anal\u00f3gica (sensor corriente \u201c2.5-5V”)\u2026\u2026..1<\/li>\n
  6. Programaci\u00f3n directa(PC – driver motor)………….S\u00ed<\/li>\n
  7. Condiciones ambientales min\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.-10\u00b0<\/li>\n
  8. Condiciones ambientales max\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u2026\u2026\u2026.85\u00b0<\/li>\n
  9. \u00a0Empotrable\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026S\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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    ESQUEM\u00c1TICO ELECTR\u00d3NICO
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    DESCARGAR DISE\u00d1O<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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    TARJETA PCB
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    DESCARGAR GERBER<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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    LISTA DE MATERIALES
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    Categor\u00eda<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCantidad<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nReferencias<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nValor<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nPCB Package<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nDatasheet<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Condensadores<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nC1<\/td>\n470uF<\/td>\nCAP SMD 10.5X10MM ALUMINUM 470UF\/35V<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Condensadores<\/td>\n6<\/td>\nC2,C5,C6,C7,C9,C10<\/td>\n100nF<\/td>\n0603_CAP<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Condensadores<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nC3<\/td>\n47uF<\/td>\nCAP SMD 6.3X7.7MM ALUMINUM 220UF\/16V<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Condensadores<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nC4<\/td>\n100nF<\/td>\n1206_CAP<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Condensadores<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nC8,C11<\/td>\n1000uF<\/td>\nELEC-RAD25<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n8<\/td>\nR1,R4,R14,R19,R21,R23,R37,R39<\/td>\n1k<\/td>\n0805_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n7<\/td>\nR2,R5,R7,R12,R15,R27,R28<\/td>\n1k<\/td>\n0603_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n9<\/td>\nR3,R6,R16,R17,R18,R25,R34,R35,R36<\/td>\n10k<\/td>\n0603_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nR8,R9<\/td>\n220<\/td>\n0603_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nR10,R11,R13<\/td>\n4.7k<\/td>\n0805_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n8<\/td>\nR20,R22,R24,R31,R32,R33,R38,R40<\/td>\n10k<\/td>\n0805_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nR26<\/td>\n1M<\/td>\n0603_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Resistencias<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nR29,R30<\/td>\n4.7k<\/td>\n1206_RES<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nU1,U7<\/td>\nPC817<\/td>\nSOIC250P670X300-4<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU2<\/td>\nATMEGA328P<\/td>\nQFP80P900X900X120-32<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU3<\/td>\nLM2576-5,0<\/td>\nTO170P1410X464-6<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU4<\/td>\n74HC14<\/td>\nSO14<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU5<\/td>\nILD207T<\/td>\nSO8<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Integrados<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nU6<\/td>\nCH340C<\/td>\nSO16<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Transistores<\/td>\n8<\/td>\nQ1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6,Q12,Q13<\/td>\nCSD18540Q5B<\/td>\nTO220<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Transistores<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nQ7,Q8<\/td>\nMMBTA14G-AE3-R<\/td>\nSOT23-3<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Transistores<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nQ9<\/td>\nPMBT3906,215<\/td>\nSOT23-3<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Transistores<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nQ10,Q11<\/td>\nPMBT3904,215<\/td>\nSOT23-3<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Diodos<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nD1,D2<\/td>\nLED-RED<\/td>\nLEDC3216X110<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Diodos<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nD3<\/td>\nLED-GREEN<\/td>\nLEDC3216X110<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Diodos<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nD4<\/td>\nSS14-TP<\/td>\nDIOM5226X230N<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Diodos<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nD5,D6,D7<\/td>\nB330A-13-F<\/td>\nDIOM5226X230N<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nBTN1,BTN2<\/td>\nRST<\/td>\nBUTTON SMD 2P<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nJ1,J2<\/td>\nTBLOCK-M2<\/td>\nTERMINAL BLOCKS DIBO<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nJ3,J6<\/td>\nTERMINAL<\/td>\nJUMPER MOTOR CONTROL<\/td>\ncable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nJ4,J8<\/td>\nTBLOCK-M3<\/td>\nT-BLOCK 3PIN GREEN<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nJ5<\/td>\nMICRO USB B<\/td>\nMICRO USB B<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nJ7<\/td>\nCONN-SIL6<\/td>\nCONN-SIL6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nJ9<\/td>\nTBLOCK-I5<\/td>\nCURENT SENSOR<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nL1<\/td>\n100u<\/td>\nINDUCTOR 100UH<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nRL1,RL2<\/td>\n24V<\/td>\nRELAY 24VDC-SL-A<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nRV1<\/td>\n1k<\/td>\nPOTENCIOMETER MANU SMALL<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nSW1<\/td>\n<\/td>\nDIPSWITCH SMD 1P<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Miscel\u00e1nea<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nX1<\/td>\nCRYSTAL SMD S<\/td>\nOSCILADOR SMD CERAMIC RESONATORS<\/td>\n(see & buy)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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    CONEXIONES EXTERNAS
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    CONEXIONES ARDUINO – MOTOR DRIVER
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    PASO 1 : SUBIR GESTOR DE ARRANQUE (BOOTLOADER)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Para poder usar un microcontrolador nuevo (atmega328P-AU), es necesario subir un un gestor de arranque como tambi\u00e9n llamado \u201cBOOTLOADER\u201d, esto nos facilitar\u00e1 subir programas en futuras ocasiones.<\/p>\n

    finalmente para quemar el bootloader se tendr\u00e1 que realizar a trav\u00e9s de los pines ICSP, que pr\u00e1cticamente ser\u00edan los pines [ (MOSI=11) (MISO = PIN12) (SCK=PIN13) (Slave=PIN10) ].\u00a0 Para subir y quemar el gestor de arranque necesitaremos un arduino UNO \u00f3 MEGA y realizar las siguientes conexiones (ARDUINO UNO \u2013 DRIVER).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    DESCARGAR C\u00d3DIGO BOOTLOADER<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    PASO 2 : SUBIR PROGRAMA; PC \u2013 DRIVER<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Despu\u00e9s de haber subido el gestor de arranque finalmente ya podremos subir cualquier programa como normalmente lo realizamos a trav\u00e9s del puerto serie.<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

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    CODIGO ARDUINO
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    const int in_ena = 2; \/\/ pin2 switch dentro de la placa    ||| pin5 switch externo\r\nconst int in_dir = 3; \/\/ pin3 pulsador dentro de la placa  ||| pin4 pulsador externo\r\nconst int ENA = 8;\r\nconst int PWM = 9;\r\nconst int DIR = 10;\r\nboolean state_dir = false;\r\nboolean state_slow = false;\r\nboolean state_vel = false;\r\nbyte slow = 0;\r\nint valor1 = 0;\r\nint valor2 = 0;\r\nvoid setup() {\r\n  Serial.begin(9600);\r\n  pinMode(in_ena, INPUT);\r\n  pinMode(in_dir, INPUT);\r\n  pinMode (ENA, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode (PWM, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode (DIR, OUTPUT);\r\n  digitalWrite(ENA, 0);\r\n  digitalWrite(DIR, 0);\r\n}\r\nvoid loop() {\r\n  int ana ;\r\n  int map_ana ;\r\n  if (digitalRead(in_ena) == 1 ) digitalWrite(ENA, 1);\r\n  else digitalWrite(ENA, 0);\r\n  if (state_vel == false) {\r\n    ana = analogRead(A0);  \/\/ A0 Potenciometro dentro de la placa || A1 Ponteciometro externo.\r\n    map_ana = map(ana, 0, 1023, 0, 255);\r\n    slow = map_ana;\r\n  }\r\n  if (digitalRead(in_dir) && valor1 == 0 ) {\r\n    delay(100);\r\n    valor2 = 1 - valor2;\r\n  }\r\n  valor1 = digitalRead(in_dir);\r\nif(digitalRead(in_dir)==1){\r\n  if (valor2 == 1) {\r\n    state_vel = true;\r\n    if (state_vel == true) {\r\n      analogWrite(PWM, 0);\r\n      delay(1000);\r\n      digitalWrite(DIR, 1);\r\n      slow=0;\r\n    for(int i=0;i<=map_ana;i++ ){\r\n      slow++;\r\n      delay(10);\r\n      Serial.println(slow);\r\n      analogWrite(PWM, slow);\r\n    }\r\n    if (slow >= map_ana) {\r\n      state_vel = false;\r\n    }\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  }\r\nif(digitalRead(in_dir)==1){\r\n   if (valor2 == 0) {\r\n    state_vel = true;\r\n    if (state_vel == true) {\r\n      analogWrite(PWM, 0);\r\n      delay(1000);\r\n      digitalWrite(DIR, 0);\r\n      slow=0;\r\n    for(int i=0;i<=map_ana;i++ ){\r\n      slow++;\r\n      delay(10);\r\n      Serial.println(slow);\r\n      analogWrite(PWM, slow);\r\n    }\r\n    if (slow >= map_ana) {\r\n      state_vel = false;\r\n    }\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  }\r\n    analogWrite(PWM, slow);\r\n}<\/pre>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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    VIDEO
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