{"id":3298,"date":"2025-05-09T22:00:21","date_gmt":"2025-05-10T03:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electroallweb.com\/?p=3298"},"modified":"2025-05-11T07:52:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T12:52:25","slug":"tarjeta-de-control-para-alternancia-de-bombas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electroallweb.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/09\/tarjeta-de-control-para-alternancia-de-bombas\/","title":{"rendered":"HICE una TARJETA para ALTERNANCIA de BOMBAS de AGUA || 100% funcional, PASO A PASO"},"content":{"rendered":"
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INTRODUCCI\u00d3N
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Hoy vamos a hablar sobre un problema com\u00fan que muchos enfrentan: c\u00f3mo hacer trabajar bombas de agua de manera alternada. Como sabemos, tradicionalmente existen dos m\u00e9todos para lograrlo: por temporizadores o mediante sensores de nivel. Aunque ambos funcionan adecuadamente, la realidad es que presentan algunos inconvenientes significativos. Por un lado, su instalaci\u00f3n y el cableado es bastante laboriosa, llegando a tomar aproximadamente 6 horas . Por otro lado, estos m\u00e9todos suelen incrementar considerablemente el costo de los componentes necesarios.<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, \u00bfqu\u00e9 pasar\u00eda si pudi\u00e9ramos crear una soluci\u00f3n m\u00e1s eficiente? Es por eso que hemos desarrollado una tarjeta de control unificada que no solo simplifica todo el proceso, sino que adem\u00e1s puede gestionar ambos tipos de control simult\u00e1neamente. De hecho, esta tarjeta va m\u00e1s all\u00e1, ya que tambi\u00e9n puede leer sensores de nivel de agua mientras mantiene las funciones manuales y autom\u00e1ticas tradicionales. Adem\u00e1s de esto, permite seleccionar las bombas individualmente y cuenta con una intuitiva pantalla con pulsadores para configurar f\u00e1cilmente tanto los tiempos como los modos de operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Si te interesa conocer paso a paso c\u00f3mo hemos desarrollado este proyecto profesional, desde el dise\u00f1o del esquem\u00e1tico electr\u00f3nico hasta la implementaci\u00f3n de la m\u00e1scara personalizada, entonces no te despegues de este articulo.<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

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DATOS T\u00c9CNICOS
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ESQUEM\u00c1TICO ELECTR\u00d3NICO
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DESCARGAR ESQUEMATICO ELECTRONICO<\/span><\/a><\/div>
DESCARGAR DISE\u00d1O COMPLETO EDITABLE<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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DISE\u00d1O TARJETA PCB
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DESCARGAR GERBER<\/span><\/a><\/div>
DESCARGAR DISE\u00d1O COMPLETO EDITABLE<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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MASCARA FRONTAL
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DESCARGAR MASCARA EDITABLE EN ILLUSTRATOR<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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LISTA DE MATERIALES
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\r\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Quantity<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nComment<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nDesignator<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nFootprint<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nValue<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nManufacturer Part<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nManufacturer<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSupplier Part<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nBS-2-1<\/td>\nB1<\/td>\nBAT-TH_BS-2-1<\/td>\n<\/td>\nBS-2-1<\/td>\nQ&J<\/td>\nC70376<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n3kHz<\/td>\nBUZZER1<\/td>\nBUZ-TH_BD9.0-P5.00-D0.6-FD<\/td>\n3kHz<\/td>\nHNB09A03<\/td>\n\u534e\u80fd<\/td>\nC96102<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n100nF<\/td>\nC1,C3,C4,C5,C9,C10,C13,C15,C17<\/td>\nC0603<\/td>\n100nF<\/td>\nCC0603KRX7R9BB104<\/td>\nYAGEO(\u56fd\u5de8)<\/td>\nC14663<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n10uF<\/td>\nC2,C11<\/td>\nCAP-SMD_L3.2-W1.6-RD-C7171<\/td>\n10uF<\/td>\nTAJA106K016RNJ<\/td>\nKyocera AVX<\/td>\nC7171<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n22pF<\/td>\nC6,C7<\/td>\nC0603<\/td>\n22pF<\/td>\nCL10C220JB8NNNC<\/td>\nSAMSUNG(\u4e09\u661f)<\/td>\nC1653<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n47uF<\/td>\nC8,C12,C14<\/td>\nC1206<\/td>\n47uF<\/td>\nCL31A476MPHNNNE<\/td>\nSAMSUNG(\u4e09\u661f)<\/td>\ndC96123<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n470uF<\/td>\nC16<\/td>\nCAP-SMD_BD8.0-L8.3-W8.3-LS8.9-FD<\/td>\n470uF<\/td>\nCK1C471M-CRF10<\/td>\nROQANG(\u5bb9\u5f3a)<\/td>\nC5162359<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nWJ2EDGR-5.08-3P<\/td>\nCN1,CN2<\/td>\nCONN-TH_3P-P5.08_WJ2EDGR-5.08-3P<\/td>\n<\/td>\nWJ2EDGR-5.08-3P<\/td>\nKANGNEX(\u5eb7\u5948\u514b\u65af\u7535\u6c14)<\/td>\nC70914<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nWJ2EDGR-5.08-2P<\/td>\nCN3<\/td>\nCONN-TH_WJ2EDGR-5.08-2P<\/td>\n<\/td>\nWJ2EDGR-5.08-2P<\/td>\nKANGNEX(\u5eb7\u5948\u514b\u65af\u7535\u6c14)<\/td>\nC8383<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n1N5819WS<\/td>\nD1,D7,D8,D9<\/td>\nSOD-323_L1.8-W1.3-LS2.5-RD<\/td>\n<\/td>\n1N5819WS<\/td>\nHottech(\u5408\u79d1\u6cf0)<\/td>\nC191023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n1N4148WS<\/td>\nD2,D3,D4,D5,D6<\/td>\nSOD-323_L1.8-W1.3-LS2.5-RD<\/td>\n<\/td>\n1N4148WS<\/td>\nCJ(\u6c5f\u82cf\u957f\u7535\/\u957f\u6676)<\/td>\nC2128<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n2010T1A250V<\/td>\nF1<\/td>\nFUSE-TH_L8.5-W4.0-P5.08-D0.6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n2010T1A250V<\/td>\nWALTER(\u534e\u5fb7)<\/td>\nC354900<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n2.54-1x6P\u76f4\u9488<\/td>\nH1<\/td>\nHDR-TH_6P-P2.54-V-M-1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n2.54-1x6P\u76f4\u9488<\/td>\nBOOMELE(\u535a\u7a46\u7cbe\u5bc6)<\/td>\nC37208<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nLCD-16X2<\/td>\nLCD1<\/td>\nLCD-16X2<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nXL-302UGD<\/td>\nLED1,LED2,LED3,LED7,LED8<\/td>\nLED-TH_BD3.8-P2.54-FD_GREEN<\/td>\n<\/td>\nXL-302UGD<\/td>\nXINGLIGHT(\u6210\u5174\u5149)<\/td>\nC2895476<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nXL-302SURD<\/td>\nLED4,LED5,LED6<\/td>\nLED-TH_BD3.8-P2.54-RD<\/td>\n<\/td>\nXL-302SURD<\/td>\nXINGLIGHT(\u6210\u5174\u5149)<\/td>\nC2895470<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nMMBT3904<\/td>\nQ1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6,Q7<\/td>\nSOT-23-3_L2.9-W1.3-P1.90-LS2.4-BR<\/td>\n<\/td>\nMMBT3904<\/td>\nCJ(\u6c5f\u82cf\u957f\u7535\/\u957f\u6676)<\/td>\nC20526<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n200\u03a9<\/td>\nR1<\/td>\nR0805<\/td>\n200\u03a9<\/td>\n0805W8F2000T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC17540<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n4.7k\u03a9<\/td>\nR2,R3,R4<\/td>\nR0603<\/td>\n4.7k\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF4701T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC23162<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n510k\u03a9<\/td>\nR5<\/td>\nR0603<\/td>\n510k\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF5103T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC23192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n10k\u03a9<\/td>\nR6,R16,R21,R24,R25,R30,R31,
\nR34,R37,R40,R43<\/td>\n		R0603<\/td>\n10k\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF1002T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC25804<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n1.5M\u03a9<\/td>\nR7<\/td>\nR0603<\/td>\n1.5M\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF1504T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC4172<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n1M\u03a9<\/td>\nR8<\/td>\nR0603<\/td>\n1M\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF1004T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC22935<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n330\u03a9<\/td>\nR9,R10,R11,R12,R13,R14,R19,R26,R27,R35,R38<\/td>\nR0805<\/td>\n330\u03a9<\/td>\n0805W8F3300T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC17630<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n47k\u03a9<\/td>\nR15,R17,R29,R32,R39,R41<\/td>\nR1206<\/td>\n47k\u03a9<\/td>\n1206W4F4702T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC25833<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n1k\u03a9<\/td>\nR18,R20,R23,R28,R33,R36,R42<\/td>\nR0603<\/td>\n1k\u03a9<\/td>\n0603WAF1001T5E<\/td>\nUNI-ROYAL(\u539a\u58f0)<\/td>\nC21190<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n10k\u03a9<\/td>\nR22<\/td>\nRES-ADJ-SMD_3P-L3.0-W3.8-P1.75-BR<\/td>\n10k\u03a9<\/td>\nTC33X-2-103E<\/td>\nBOURNS<\/td>\nC719176<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nG5NB-1A-E-DC5V<\/td>\nRLY1,RLY2,RLY3<\/td>\nRELAY-TH_G5NB-1A-E-DCXX<\/td>\n<\/td>\nG5NB-1A-E-DC5V<\/td>\nOMRON(\u6b27\u59c6\u9f99)<\/td>\nC48746<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nTS665CJ<\/td>\nSW1,SW2,SW3,SW4,SW5,
\nSW6,SW7,SW8,SW9,SW10<\/td>\n		SW-TH_4P-L6.0-W6.0-P4.50-LS6.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\nTS665CJ<\/td>\nSHOU HAN(\u9996\u97e9)<\/td>\nC393938<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nATMEGA328P-AU<\/td>\nU1<\/td>\nTQFP-32_L7.0-W7.0-P0.80-LS9.0-BL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nATMEGA328P-AU<\/td>\nMICROCHIP(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fae\u82af)<\/td>\nC14877<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nDS1307ZN+T&R<\/td>\nU2<\/td>\nSOP-8_L4.9-W3.9-P1.27-LS6.0-BL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nDS1307ZN+T&R<\/td>\nADI(\u4e9a\u5fb7\u8bfa)\/MAXIM(\u7f8e\u4fe1)<\/td>\nC26858<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nAT24C02<\/td>\nU3<\/td>\nSOP-8_L4.9-W3.9-P1.27-LS6.0-BL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nAT24C02<\/td>\nHXY MOSFET(\u534e\u8f69\u9633\u7535\u5b50)<\/td>\nC7470930<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nEL357N(C)(TA)-G<\/td>\nU4,U6,U8,U9,U10,U11<\/td>\nOPTO-SMD-4_L4.4-W4.1-P2.54-LS7.0-TL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nEL357N(C)(TA)-G<\/td>\nEVERLIGHT(\u4ebf\u5149)<\/td>\nC42379244<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nULN2003ADR<\/td>\nU5<\/td>\nSOIC-16_L9.9-W3.9-P1.27-LS6.0-BL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nULN2003ADR<\/td>\nTI(\u5fb7\u5dde\u4eea\u5668)<\/td>\nC7512<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nPCF8574T\/TR<\/td>\nU7<\/td>\nSO-16_L10.3-W7.5-P1.27-LS10.3-BL<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPCF8574T\/TR<\/td>\nHGSEMI(\u534e\u51a0)<\/td>\nC2987288<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nTAS5-5-WEDT<\/td>\nU12<\/td>\nPWRM-TH_TAS5-X-WEDT<\/td>\n<\/td>\nTAS5-5-WEDT<\/td>\nTDPOWER(\u817e\u8fbe\u7535\u6e90)<\/td>\nC2687651<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n10D561K<\/td>\nVR1<\/td>\nRES-TH_L13.0-W6.0-P7.50-D0.9-S6.00<\/td>\n<\/td>\n10D561K<\/td>\nHEL(\u9e3f\u5fd7)<\/td>\nC113236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n32.768kHz<\/td>\nX1<\/td>\nFC-135R_L3.2-W1.5<\/td>\n32.768kHz<\/td>\nQ13FC13500004<\/td>\nEPSON(\u7231\u666e\u751f)<\/td>\nC32346<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n16MHz<\/td>\nX2<\/td>\nCRYSTAL-SMD_4P-L3.2-W2.5-BL<\/td>\n16MHz<\/td>\nTAXM16M4RLBCCT2T<\/td>\nYJX(\u96c5\u6676\u946b)<\/td>\nC164049<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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CONEXIONES EXTERNAS
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CODIGO
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DESCARGAR CODIGO COMPLETO + SIMULACION EN PROTEUS<\/span><\/a><\/div>\r\n\t
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#include <EEPROM.h>\r\n#include <Wire.h>\r\n#include \"RTClib.h\"\r\n\r\nRTC_DS1307 rtc;\r\nchar daysOfTheWeek[7][12] = { \"Sunday\", \"Monday\", \"Tuesday\", \"Wednesday\", \"Thursday\", \"Friday\", \"Saturday\" };\r\n\r\n\/\/PINES DE ENTRADA DE SENSORES DE NIVEL DE AGUA\r\nconst byte sensor_poso = 4;       \/\/ Sensor poso\r\nconst byte sensor_tanque = 3;     \/\/ Sensor tanque\r\nconst byte entrada_auxiliar = 2;  \/\/auxiliar\r\n\r\n\/\/PINES DE SALIDA PARA CONTROLAR LOS LEDS\r\nconst byte led_auto = 11;    \/\/ Led Auto\r\nconst byte led_manual = 12;  \/\/ Led Manual\r\n\r\n\/\/PINES DE SALIDA PARA CONTROLAR LOS MOTORES\r\nconst byte motor1 = 14;  \/\/ motor1\r\nconst byte motor2 = 15;  \/\/ motor2\r\nconst byte motor3 = 16;  \/\/motor3\r\n\r\n\/\/PINES DE SALIDA PARA Buzzer\r\nconst byte Buzzer = 13;  \/\/Buzzer\r\n\/\/ Configuraci\u00f3n de buzzer\r\nconst int tonoTecla = 1000;     \/\/ Frecuencia en Hz para pulsaci\u00f3n normal\r\nconst int tonoGuardado = 2000;  \/\/ Frecuencia en Hz para guardado\r\nconst int duracionCorta = 50;   \/\/ Duraci\u00f3n en ms para tecla normal\r\nconst int duracionLarga = 200;  \/\/ Duraci\u00f3n en ms para guardado\r\n\r\n\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/DIRECCION PARA ALMACENAR EN LA MENORIA EEPROM\r\nconst byte direc_control = 0;  \/\/\r\nconst byte direc_motores = 3;  \/\/ Direccion EEPROM para almacenar los valores de total Motores\r\nconst byte direc_mode = 6;\r\n\r\nbool act_sensonrs = false;\r\nbool control = false;\r\nbyte contador_Motores_M = 2;  \/\/ cantidad de motores activas (m\u00ednimo 2, m\u00e1ximo 3)\r\nbyte mode = 0;\r\nbyte motors = 0;\r\nbyte read_sensor_tanque = 1;\r\n\r\nstruct ConfigMotor {\r\n  byte horas;\r\n  byte minutos;\r\n  byte segundos;\r\n};\r\n\r\nConfigMotor motores[3] = {\r\n  { 0, 0, 0 },  \/\/ Motor 1\r\n  { 0, 0, 0 },  \/\/ Motor 2\r\n  { 0, 0, 0 }   \/\/ Motor 3\r\n};\r\n\r\nconst int dirEEPROM[3] = { 60, 70, 80 };  \/\/ Direcciones base EEPROM para cada motor\r\n\r\n\/\/ Variables para almacenar hora y fecha\r\nbyte hora, minuto, segundo, dia, mes, anio = 0;\r\nunsigned long tiempoAnterior = 0;\r\n\r\n\/\/ ====== VARIABLES GLOBALES ADICIONALES ======\r\nbyte motorActivo = 255;  \/\/ 255=ninguno, 0=motor1, 1=motor2, 2=motor3\r\nDateTime horaInicioMotor;\r\nconst byte pinesMotores[3] = { motor1, motor2, motor3 };\r\n\r\nvoid cargarConfigMotores() {\r\n  for (int m = 0; m < 3; m++) {\r\n    EEPROM.get(dirEEPROM[m], motores[m]);\r\n    \/\/ Si es la primera lectura (valores en 255)\r\n    if (motores[m].horas == 255) motores[m] = { 0, 0, 0 };\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid setup() {\r\n  Serial.begin(9600);  \/\/ Iniciar comunicaci\u00f3n serial para depuraci\u00f3n\r\n  Serial.println(\"Sistema iniciado\");\r\n  \r\n  rtc.begin();\r\n  \/\/ rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));  \/\/ solo activa esta linea para ajustar la hora y la fecha, luego bloquealo\r\n\r\n  EEPROM.get(direc_motores, contador_Motores_M);\r\n  control = EEPROM.read(direc_control);\r\n  EEPROM.get(direc_mode, mode);\r\n  cargarConfigMotores();\r\n\r\n  pinMode(sensor_poso, INPUT);\r\n  pinMode(sensor_tanque, INPUT);\r\n  pinMode(entrada_auxiliar, INPUT);\r\n  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(sensor_tanque), tanque, FALLING);\r\n\r\n  pinMode(led_auto, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode(led_manual, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode(motor1, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode(motor2, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode(motor3, OUTPUT);\r\n  pinMode(Buzzer, OUTPUT);\r\n  \r\n  \/\/ Mostrar configuraci\u00f3n inicial\r\n  mostrarEstadoActual();\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid loop() {\r\n  \/\/ Verificar sensores y controlar motores seg\u00fan el modo\r\n  if (digitalRead(sensor_poso) == LOW) act_sensonrs = true;\r\n  else {\r\n    digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n    digitalWrite(motor2, LOW); \r\n    digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);\r\n    act_sensonrs = false;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  switch (mode) {\r\n    case 0: \r\n      digitalWrite(led_auto, LOW);\r\n      digitalWrite(led_manual, LOW);\r\n      digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n      digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n      digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);\r\n      break;\r\n    case 1: \r\n      digitalWrite(led_auto, HIGH);\r\n      digitalWrite(led_manual, LOW);\r\n      break;\r\n    case 2: \r\n      digitalWrite(led_auto, LOW);\r\n      digitalWrite(led_manual, HIGH);\r\n      break;\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  if (mode == 2) {\r\n    switch (motors) {\r\n      case 0: \r\n        digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);\r\n        break;\r\n      case 1: \r\n        digitalWrite(motor1, HIGH);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);\r\n        break;\r\n      case 2: \r\n        digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor2, HIGH);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);\r\n        break;\r\n      case 3: \r\n        digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor3, HIGH);\r\n        break;\r\n    }\r\n  } else {\r\n    motors = 0;\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  if (mode == 1) {\r\n    if (control == false && act_sensonrs == true) {\r\n      if (digitalRead(sensor_tanque) == LOW) {\r\n        if (read_sensor_tanque == 1) {\r\n          digitalWrite(motor1, HIGH);\r\n          digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n        }\r\n        if (read_sensor_tanque == 2) {\r\n          digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n          digitalWrite(motor2, HIGH);\r\n        }\r\n      } else {\r\n        digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);\r\n        digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);\r\n      }\r\n    } else if (control == true && act_sensonrs == true) {\r\n      controlarMotoresPorTurnos();\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  \/\/ Verificar comunicaci\u00f3n serial para comandos\r\n  if (Serial.available() > 0) {\r\n    procesarComandoSerial();\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  \/\/ Mostrar estado cada cierto tiempo\r\n  static unsigned long ultimoTiempoMostrado = 0;\r\n  if (millis() - ultimoTiempoMostrado > 5000) {  \/\/ Cada 5 segundos\r\n    mostrarEstadoActual();\r\n    ultimoTiempoMostrado = millis();\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid procesarComandoSerial() {\r\n  String comando = Serial.readStringUntil('\\n');\r\n  comando.trim();\r\n  \r\n  if (comando == \"status\") {\r\n    mostrarEstadoActual();\r\n  } \r\n  else if (comando == \"mode0\") {\r\n    mode = 0;\r\n    EEPROM.put(direc_mode, mode);\r\n    Serial.println(\"Modo 0: Apagado\");\r\n    sonidoGuardado();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"mode1\") {\r\n    mode = 1;\r\n    EEPROM.put(direc_mode, mode);\r\n    Serial.println(\"Modo 1: Auto\");\r\n    sonidoGuardado();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"mode2\") {\r\n    mode = 2;\r\n    EEPROM.put(direc_mode, mode);\r\n    Serial.println(\"Modo 2: Manual\");\r\n    sonidoGuardado();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"motor1\") {\r\n    motors = 1;\r\n    Serial.println(\"Motor 1 activado\");\r\n    sonidoTecla();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"motor2\") {\r\n    motors = 2;\r\n    Serial.println(\"Motor 2 activado\");\r\n    sonidoTecla();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"motor3\") {\r\n    motors = 3;\r\n    Serial.println(\"Motor 3 activado\");\r\n    sonidoTecla();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"motoroff\") {\r\n    motors = 0;\r\n    Serial.println(\"Motores apagados\");\r\n    sonidoTecla();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"control_sensor\") {\r\n    control = false;\r\n    EEPROM.update(direc_control, control);\r\n    Serial.println(\"Control por sensores activado\");\r\n    sonidoGuardado();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"control_tiempo\") {\r\n    control = true;\r\n    EEPROM.update(direc_control, control);\r\n    Serial.println(\"Control por tiempos activado\");\r\n    sonidoGuardado();\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando.startsWith(\"motores \")) {\r\n    int cantidad = comando.substring(8).toInt();\r\n    if (cantidad >= 2 && cantidad <= 3) {\r\n      contador_Motores_M = cantidad;\r\n      EEPROM.put(direc_motores, contador_Motores_M);\r\n      Serial.print(\"Cantidad de motores: \");\r\n      Serial.println(contador_Motores_M);\r\n      sonidoGuardado();\r\n    } else {\r\n      Serial.println(\"Error: cantidad debe ser 2 o 3\");\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando.startsWith(\"config_motor\")) {\r\n    \/\/ Formato: config_motor,motor#,horas,minutos,segundos\r\n    \/\/ Ejemplo: config_motor,1,0,30,0\r\n    int posiciones[4];\r\n    int parametro = 0;\r\n    int inicio = 12; \/\/ Posici\u00f3n despu\u00e9s de \"config_motor,\"\r\n    \r\n    for (int i = inicio; i < comando.length(); i++) {\r\n      if (comando.charAt(i) == ',') {\r\n        posiciones[parametro] = comando.substring(inicio, i).toInt();\r\n        inicio = i + 1;\r\n        parametro++;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u00daltimo valor\r\n    if (parametro < 4) {\r\n      posiciones[parametro] = comando.substring(inicio).toInt();\r\n      parametro++;\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    if (parametro == 4) {\r\n      int motor = posiciones[0] - 1; \/\/ Motor 1 ser\u00eda \u00edndice 0\r\n      if (motor >= 0 && motor < 3) {\r\n        motores[motor].horas = posiciones[1];\r\n        motores[motor].minutos = posiciones[2];\r\n        motores[motor].segundos = posiciones[3];\r\n        guardarConfigMotor(motor);\r\n        \r\n        Serial.print(\"Motor \");\r\n        Serial.print(motor + 1);\r\n        Serial.print(\" configurado: \");\r\n        Serial.print(motores[motor].horas);\r\n        Serial.print(\":\");\r\n        Serial.print(motores[motor].minutos);\r\n        Serial.print(\":\");\r\n        Serial.println(motores[motor].segundos);\r\n        sonidoGuardado();\r\n      } else {\r\n        Serial.println(\"Error: Motor debe ser 1, 2 o 3\");\r\n      }\r\n    } else {\r\n      Serial.println(\"Error: formato debe ser config_motor,motor#,horas,minutos,segundos\");\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando.startsWith(\"set_time\")) {\r\n    \/\/ Formato: set_time,hora,minuto,segundo,dia,mes,a\u00f1o\r\n    int valores[6];\r\n    int parametro = 0;\r\n    int inicio = 9; \/\/ Posici\u00f3n despu\u00e9s de \"set_time,\"\r\n    \r\n    for (int i = inicio; i < comando.length(); i++) {\r\n      if (comando.charAt(i) == ',') {\r\n        valores[parametro] = comando.substring(inicio, i).toInt();\r\n        inicio = i + 1;\r\n        parametro++;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u00daltimo valor\r\n    if (parametro < 6) {\r\n      valores[parametro] = comando.substring(inicio).toInt();\r\n      parametro++;\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    if (parametro == 6) {\r\n      rtc.adjust(DateTime(2000 + valores[5], valores[4], valores[3], valores[0], valores[1], valores[2]));\r\n      Serial.println(\"Fecha y hora actualizadas\");\r\n      sonidoGuardado();\r\n    } else {\r\n      Serial.println(\"Error: formato debe ser set_time,hora,minuto,segundo,dia,mes,a\u00f1o\");\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  else if (comando == \"help\") {\r\n    mostrarAyuda();\r\n  }\r\n  else {\r\n    Serial.println(\"Comando desconocido. Escribe 'help' para ver los comandos disponibles.\");\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid mostrarEstadoActual() {\r\n  DateTime now = rtc.now();\r\n  \r\n  Serial.println(\"==== ESTADO ACTUAL ====\");\r\n  Serial.print(\"Fecha: \");\r\n  Serial.print(now.day());\r\n  Serial.print(\"\/\");\r\n  Serial.print(now.month());\r\n  Serial.print(\"\/\");\r\n  Serial.println(now.year());\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Hora: \");\r\n  Serial.print(now.hour());\r\n  Serial.print(\":\");\r\n  if (now.minute() < 10) Serial.print(\"0\");\r\n  Serial.print(now.minute());\r\n  Serial.print(\":\");\r\n  if (now.second() < 10) Serial.print(\"0\");\r\n  Serial.println(now.second());\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Modo: \");\r\n  switch (mode) {\r\n    case 0: Serial.println(\"Apagado\"); break;\r\n    case 1: Serial.println(\"Autom\u00e1tico\"); break;\r\n    case 2: Serial.println(\"Manual\"); break;\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Control: \");\r\n  Serial.println(control ? \"Por tiempos\" : \"Por sensores\");\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Nivel agua pozo: \");\r\n  Serial.println(digitalRead(sensor_poso) == LOW ? \"Disponible\" : \"No disponible\");\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Sensor tanque: \");\r\n  Serial.println(digitalRead(sensor_tanque) == LOW ? \"Activo\" : \"Inactivo\");\r\n  \r\n  Serial.print(\"Total motores: \");\r\n  Serial.println(contador_Motores_M);\r\n  \r\n  Serial.println(\"Tiempos motores:\");\r\n  for (int i = 0; i < contador_Motores_M; i++) {\r\n    Serial.print(\"Motor \");\r\n    Serial.print(i + 1);\r\n    Serial.print(\": \");\r\n    Serial.print(motores[i].horas);\r\n    Serial.print(\":\");\r\n    if (motores[i].minutos < 10) Serial.print(\"0\");\r\n    Serial.print(motores[i].minutos);\r\n    Serial.print(\":\");\r\n    if (motores[i].segundos < 10) Serial.print(\"0\");\r\n    Serial.println(motores[i].segundos);\r\n  }\r\n  \r\n  Serial.println(\"======================\");\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid mostrarAyuda() {\r\n  Serial.println(\"==== COMANDOS DISPONIBLES ====\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"status - Muestra el estado actual\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"mode0 - Modo apagado\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"mode1 - Modo autom\u00e1tico\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"mode2 - Modo manual\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"motor1 - Activa motor 1 (solo en modo manual)\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"motor2 - Activa motor 2 (solo en modo manual)\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"motor3 - Activa motor 3 (solo en modo manual)\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"motoroff - Apaga todos los motores\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"control_sensor - Activa control por sensores\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"control_tiempo - Activa control por tiempos\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"motores N - Establece n\u00famero de motores (2-3)\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"config_motor,M,h,m,s - Configura tiempo del motor M\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"set_time,h,m,s,d,M,a - Configura hora y fecha\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"help - Muestra esta ayuda\");\r\n  Serial.println(\"=============================\");\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid tanque() {\r\n  read_sensor_tanque++;\r\n  if (read_sensor_tanque > 2) read_sensor_tanque = 1;\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid controlarMotoresPorTurnos() {\r\n  \/\/ Si el control est\u00e1 activo pero no hay motor activo, iniciar ciclo\r\n  if (control && motorActivo == 255) {\r\n    motorActivo = 0;\r\n    digitalWrite(pinesMotores[motorActivo], HIGH);\r\n    horaInicioMotor = rtc.now();\r\n    return;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Si el control est\u00e1 inactivo pero hay motor activo, detener todo\r\n  if (!control && motorActivo != 255) {\r\n    for (byte i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\r\n      digitalWrite(pinesMotores[i], LOW);\r\n    }\r\n    motorActivo = 255;\r\n    return;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Si hay motor activo y control activo, verificar tiempo\r\n  if (control && motorActivo != 255) {\r\n    DateTime ahora = rtc.now();\r\n    unsigned long segundosTranscurridos = ahora.unixtime() - horaInicioMotor.unixtime();\r\n    unsigned long segundosProgramados = motores[motorActivo].horas * 3600UL + motores[motorActivo].minutos * 60UL + motores[motorActivo].segundos;\r\n\r\n    if (segundosTranscurridos >= segundosProgramados) {\r\n      \/\/ Apagar motor actual\r\n      digitalWrite(pinesMotores[motorActivo], LOW);\r\n\r\n      \/\/ Pasar al siguiente motor (solo los configurados)\r\n      motorActivo = (motorActivo + 1) % contador_Motores_M;\r\n\r\n      \/\/ Encender nuevo motor\r\n      digitalWrite(pinesMotores[motorActivo], HIGH);\r\n      horaInicioMotor = ahora;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid guardarConfigMotor(byte numMotor) {\r\n  EEPROM.put(dirEEPROM[numMotor], motores[numMotor]);\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid sonidoTecla() {\r\n  tone(Buzzer, tonoTecla, duracionCorta);\r\n  delay(duracionCorta);  \/\/ Peque\u00f1a pausa para evitar solapamientos\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid sonidoGuardado() {\r\n  tone(Buzzer, tonoGuardado, duracionLarga);\r\n  delay(duracionLarga);  \/\/ Pausa m\u00e1s larga para el sonido de confirmaci\u00f3n\r\n}<\/pre>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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